History of Dentistry

The history of dentistry spans thousands of years, reflecting humanity’s longstanding pursuit of oral health. Early dental practices date back to ancient civilizations. Archaeological findings reveal that as far back as 7000 BCE, people in the Indus Valley drilled teeth to remove decay, making it one of the earliest known dental practices. In ancient Egypt, dental problems were commonly treated with rudimentary tools, and they even used materials like linen soaked in honey and herbs for treating gum disease. The Etruscans in 700 BCE pioneered dental prosthetics by using gold bands and artificial teeth.

The Greeks and Romans further advanced dentistry. Hippocrates and Aristotle wrote about treating dental issues, and the Romans used more sophisticated tools for tooth extraction. During the Middle Ages, dentistry was often practiced by barbers and blacksmiths, who handled basic procedures like extractions. Dentistry began evolving as a specialized profession in the 18th century, particularly with Pierre Fauchard, known as the “Father of Modern Dentistry.” In his 1728 book, he outlined methods and tools still influential today.

The 19th and 20th centuries saw rapid advancements, with developments in anesthesia, radiography, and materials like amalgam and porcelain, transforming dentistry into a sophisticated medical field. Today, dentistry blends science and artistry, with technology driving continual improvements in dental care and patient comfort.